Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
The mechanisms of long-term effects of prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) and consequent elevated impulsivity during adolescence are poorly understood. In this review, the development-programmed neural maturation is summarized to highlight adolescence as another critical period of brain development. We further synthesize maladaptation of the dopamine (DA) system, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis (HPA-axis) and pathological interactions between these two systems originating from previous fetal programming into a dual-system model to explain insufficient behavioral inhibition in affected adolescents.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Liu et al. (2011) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: