System of Systems Engineering and Family of Systems Engineering from a standards, V-Model, and Dual-V Model perspective

System of Systems Engineering (SoSE) and Family of Systems Engineering (FoSE) continue to be two of the least well-understood SE disciplines. Knowledge of the SE standards, the V-Model, and particularly the 3-dimensional dual-V model, significantly aid this understanding, including the relationship between SE, SoSE, and FoSE. The goals of this paper are to: 1) define SoS, SoSE, and FoSE from an SE standards perspective; 2) describe the original V-model and the dual-V model; 3) show how to apply these SE standards and V-models to a system, to SoSs, and to FoSs; and 4) encourage and challenge the participants to understand, select, tailor, and apply these SE standards and V-models to complex SoSs and FoSs. Individuals may have an understanding of portions of SE, SoSE, and FoSE based on other sources. The SE standards, V-model, and dual-V model provide a more complete and common understanding.