The study of natural spontaneous fertile hybrids, whose parent species is Ae. trivialis Migusch. et Chak (2n = 42), is of great importance for expanding the genetic pool of the genus Triticum L., which is a crucial part of current and future breeding efforts. The number of wild relatives—potential sources of valuable disease resistance genes—is quite large for common wheat: these include species of the genera Tritium, Aegilops, Agropiron, Secale, Haynaldia, Villosa, and others. In addition to disease and pest resistance, wild species offer frost resistance, drought tolerance, salt tolerance, and increased protein quantity and quality. The primary objective of this study was to identify new, genetically diverse source material for common wheat breeding based on botanical and morphological studies, as well as to register new spontaneous Aegilops–wheat hybrids using electrophoretic analysis of storage proteins. To achieve the research objective, the following tasks were set and solved: Aegilops–wheat hybrids were studied and recorded using protein formulas; spontaneous fertile Aegilops–wheat hybrids were analyzed using laser microscopy and tandem mass spectrometry. In this study, we demonstrated differences between the studied spontaneous hybrids using metabolomic analysis and laser microscopy, as well as identified differences in the protein spectra of the spontaneous hybrids and their maternal form, K-1386. These spontaneous Aegilops–wheat hybrids will be used in further work to identify their paternal form. It should be noted that it is advisable to use the studied spontaneous Aegilops–wheat hybrids in future breeding to expand the gene pool of the genus Triticum L. and to obtain new heterogeneous forms.
Чикида et al. (Mon,) studied this question.