Abstract Background of the study: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is likely to be the sixth most common etiology of centuries of life expectancy lost by 2040. ESRD occurs when a patient does not receive proper treatment for end-stage renal illness and experiences its severe symptoms; survival can only be achieved through dialysis or a kidney transplant. Given the size of the Indian population, it is anticipated that the growing incidence of chronic kidney disease will cause significant issues for the nation’s healthcare system and economy in the years to come. In fact, over 100,000 new clients are recruited in kidney spare programs annually in India, where the age-specific incidence rate of end-stage kidney failure disease is assessed to be 299 per million. Objective: To assess the level of anxiety among ESRD clients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Materials and Methods: A quantitative research approach and a pre-experimental one-group pretest and posttest research design were used. Respondents were selected by a non-probability convenience sampling technique. This study included 60 respondents with chronic renal failure who were undergoing HD. The anxiety scale was used to assess the anxiety intensity. An investigation was conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22 software, using descriptive statistics and inferential tests (a paired t -test was used to assess effectiveness, and a chi-square test to see the association between dependent and independent variables). Results: This study revealed that assessment of pretest and posttest levels of anxiety of chronic renal failure clients suffering from HD patients. In the pretest level, no anxiety was 0.00%, and mild anxiety was 0.00%. In the posttest level of anxiety, later, moderate anxiety was 16 (27%), and severe anxiety was 44 (73%), as long as the relaxation technique (deep breathing exercises) is used. At the posttest level, there is no anxiety in 28 (47%), mild anxiety in 32 (53%), moderate anxiety in 0.00%, and severe anxiety in 0.00%. So P < 0.05 is significant. This study also revealed that the posttest group’s posttest mean anxiety score was mean and standard deviation (SD) of 1.533 ± 0.5031, while the pretest mean score was mean and SD of 3.733 ± 0.4459 among clients with ESRD receiving HD. At the P < 0.001 level, the computed paired t value of t = 22.582 was determined to be of analytical importance. This demonstrated unequivocally that chronic renal failure patients receiving HD in the pretest group experienced significantly lower posttest anxiety levels following the relaxation treatment (deep breathing exercises). Therefore, it was discovered that relaxation techniques (deep breathing exercises) were useful in lowering anxiety in individuals with chronic renal failure clients undergoing HD. The result shows that sociodemographic variables such as age, gender, marital status, educational status, type of family, occupation, duration of HD, number of sessions per week, and duration of session showed no statistically significant association with pretest level of anxiety among chronic renal failure patients undergoing HD ( P < 0.005 level). Conclusion: In the posttest, 53% of clients experienced mild anxiety. Relaxation techniques such as deep breathing exercises are beneficial in reducing anxiety among clients undergoing HD. Nurses and healthcare providers should regularly encourage and educate clients to practice relaxation techniques (deep breathing exercises) to improve mental health and contribute to better outcomes.
Shinde et al. (Thu,) studied this question.