Border Intelligence and Regional Security Cooperation in the Horn of Africa. A Case Study of Kenya–ethiopia (2010–2024)

Purpose of the Study: This study examined the role of border intelligence in strengthening regional security cooperation between Kenya and Ethiopia within the Horn of Africa from 2010–2024. Methodology: The study adopted a mixed-methods research design involving surveys of 138 respondents, 15 key informant interviews, and document analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression through SPSS, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Findings: The findings established that border intelligence significantly enhances regional security cooperation between Kenya and Ethiopia. About 85% of respondents indicated that intelligence sharing improved threat detection, surveillance, and early warning systems, while 92.7% noted that intelligence gaps weakened counter-terrorism operations and coordinated border responses. Regional frameworks such as IGAD’s CEWARN and the Eastern Africa Standby Force positively contributed to bilateral security collaboration and information exchange. However, persistent barriers including political interference, incompatible technological systems, inadequate institutional frameworks, and limited operational coordination continue to undermine the effectiveness of intelligence-sharing mechanisms and sustainable regional security management within the Horn of Africa. Conclusion: The study concludes that effective border intelligence is essential for strengthening regional security cooperation and countering transnational threats in the Horn of Africa. Sustainable intelligence collaboration between Kenya and Ethiopia requires institutionalized intelligence-sharing frameworks, interoperable surveillance technologies, stronger political commitment, and enhanced coordination.