Foreign Practices of Stock Valuation

This article examines foreign practices in stock valuation, focusing on the main methodologies used in developed and emerging financial markets. It analyzes widely applied valuation models, including the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) model, Dividend Discount Model (DDM), Comparable Company Analysis, and asset-based valuation approaches. The study also explores regional differences in valuation practices across the United States, Europe, and Asia, highlighting how institutional structures, investor behavior, and market development influence valuation techniques. Furthermore, the article discusses emerging global trends such as the integration of artificial intelligence, big data analytics, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors, and behavioral finance into valuation frameworks. The findings suggest that stock valuation practices are becoming increasingly data-driven, dynamic, and globally interconnected, reflecting the ongoing transformation of financial markets.