Can only relativity explain the extra precession of Mercury’s orbit and the bending of light in the gravitational field? Based on dualism and its derivative theory, this paper explains how to transfer gravity and its components through the universe soup, so that Mercury’s orbit generates additional precession and light bends in the gravitational field. The universe soup includes mass elements, 8-subphotons (gravitons), 7-subphotons, subphotons and photons; usually they are in a dormant state, with no apparent quality. Through protons and neutrons, the celestial body sucks nine 8-sub-photons and ejects 1 photon at a time, so that the 8-sub-photons flow to form a gravitational field. The frequency of the ejected photon is the same as that of the hydrogen atom transition from the ground state to the second energy level. The ejected photons leave the atom and return to dormancy. The photons are then degraded step by step to balance the proportion of photons and various subphotons in the cosmic soup. The detailed physical and mathematical models of the composition structure, interaction and gravitational generation mechanism of celestial bodies and cosmic soup are shown in Refs. 1 – 3 (Rep. Adv. Phys. Sci. 08 (2024) 2450011, https://doi.org/10.1142/S2424942424500117 ; and Rep. Adv. Phys. Sci. 08 (2024) 2450005, https://doi.org/10.1142/S2424942424500051 and Rep. Adv. Phys. Sci. 09 (2025) 2550021, https://doi.org/10.1142/S2424942425500215 ). Since the formation speed of the gravitational field is limited by the speed of light, the formation of the gravitational field of the moving celestial body will be delayed, resulting in a component of the vertical gravitational field–torsion field. The Sun uses the torsion field force to “pull” the planets to generate additional orbital precession. Through derivation, a general formula for calculating the additional precession angle of planetary (satellite) orbits is obtained. By using the classical gravitational equation, the general bending equation of light in the gravitational field of celestial bodies is derived. The relevant parameters of the sun and Mercury are substituted into the formula of the additional precession angle of the orbit, and the relevant parameters of the sun and light to the earth are substituted into the bending equation of light in the gravitational field. The calculated extra precession angle of Mercury orbit and the bending angle of light passing through the solar surface to the earth are in good agreement with the observed values. This shows that there is a real matter in space that transmits gravity and causes the object to change its original motion state under the action of gravity (including its component); rather than empty, make the object change the original state of motion.
Yì Wáng (Thu,) studied this question.