Classification design in academic libraries in Sierra Leone: A systematic review of theoretical frameworks and practical implications

This systematic review explored the interplay between theoretical frameworks and practical outcomes in the classification design of academic libraries in Sierra Leone. A structured review methodology was employed, including a comprehensive search of scholarly databases (such as JSTOR, Scopus, Google Scholar, and African Journal Online), library archives, and institutional reports published between 2020 and 2024. Studies were selected based on relevance, methodological rigor, and focus on classification systems within academic library settings, particularly in African or comparable contexts. Out of 20 journal articles retrieved, 14 were analysed in the results section. The review incorporates qualitative, case-based, and empirical studies. Through thematic analysis, it identifies key frameworks—such as bibliographic classification theory, user-centered design, and postcolonial information models—that influence classification choices. Findings reveal a gap between theory and practice, shaped by local constraints, staff training, and infrastructure. This review informs strategies to optimise classification practices in Sierra Leone's academic libraries and guide future research and policy efforts.