Multilingual Transformer Language Model for Speech Recognition in Low-resource Languages

It is challenging to train and deploy Transformer Language Models (LMs) for hybrid speech recognition second pass re-ranking in low-resource languages due to (1) data scarcity in low-resource languages, (2) expensive computing costs for training and refreshing 100+ monolingual models, and (3) hosting inefficiency considering sparse traffic. In this study, we present a novel way to group multiple low-resource locales together and optimize the performance of Multilingual Transformer LMs in ASR. Our Locale-group Multilingual Transformer LMs outperform traditional multilingual LMs along with reducing maintenance costs and operating expenses. Further, for high-traffic locales where deploying monolingual models is feasible, we show that fine-tuning our locale-group multilingual LMs produces better monolingual LM candidates than baseline monolingual LMs.