A New One-Sample Log-Rank Test

The one-sample log-rank test has been frequently used by epidemiologists to compare the survival of a sample to that of a demographically matched standard population. Recently, several researchers have shown that the one-sample log-rank test is conservative. In this article, a modified one-sample log-rank test is proposed and a sample size formula is derived based on its exact variance. Simulation results showed that the proposed test preserves the type I error well and is more efficient than the original one-sample log-rank test.