Key result
Contact of backyard poultry with wild birds significantly increased the risk of infectious diseases in Region A (OR 6.573), while neighboring waterfowls and live bird markets were key risk factors in other regions.
Cross-Sectional (n=309)
Yes
Backyard poultry infectious disease risk is significantly affected by contact with wild birds, neighboring waterfowls, and live bird markets, highlighting the need for improved biosecurity practices.
Highlights region-specific biosecurity needs in backyard poultry; leaves open causal effects and intervention impact.
Emergence and transmission of infectious diseases have an enormous impact on the poultry industry and present a serious threat to the health of humans and wild birds. Noncommercial poultry operations, such as backyard poultry facilities in China, are potential sources of virus exchange between commercial poultry and wild birds. It is particularly critical in wetland areas where backyard poultry have close contact with commercial poultry and migratory birds, therefore increasing the risk of contracting infectious diseases. To evaluate the transmission risks, a cross-sectional study was undertaken in the Poyang Lake area, China, involving 309 residents in the backyard poultry farms in three counties (Region A, B, and C) of Jiangxi Province. We examined the backyard poultry population, poultry species, presence of poultry deaths from infectious diseases, food sources, and biosecurity practices. Region B ranked highest for biosecurity while region C ranked lowest. The risks of infectious diseases were assessed by adjusted odds ratio based on multivariate logistic regression analysis. Potential risk factors in the three regions of the study site were compared. In Region A, significant factor was contact of poultry with wild birds (OR: 6.573, 95% CI: 2.148-20.115, P=0.001). In Region B, the most significant factor was contact of poultry with neighboring backyard waterfowls (OR: 3.967, 95% CI: 1.555-10.122, P=0.004). In Region C, significant factors were poultry purchase from local live bird markets (OR: 3.740, 95% CI: 1.243-11.255, P=0.019), and contact of poultry with wild birds (OR: 3.379, 95% CI: 1.058-10.791, P=0.040). In summary, backyard poultry was significantly affected by neighboring commercial poultry and close contact with wild birds. The results are expected to improve our understanding of the transmission risks of infectious diseases in a typical backyard poultry environment in rural China, and address the need to improve local farming practices and take preventive measures.
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Wang et al. (2013) conducted a cross-sectional in Infectious diseases in backyard poultry (n=309). Contact with wild birds (Region A) vs. No contact with wild birds was evaluated on Poultry deaths from infectious diseases (OR 6.573, 95% CI 2.148-20.115, p=0.001). Contact of backyard poultry with wild birds significantly increased the risk of infectious diseases in Region A (OR 6.573), while neighboring waterfowls and live bird markets were key risk factors in other regions.
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