Key result
Pulse frequency demodulation of pulse wave signals provided reliable assessment of pulse rate variability, demonstrating excellent agreement with ECG-derived low and high frequency components (ICC 0.997 and 0.981).
Why the study?
Does pulse frequency demodulation of pulse wave signals accurately assess pulse rate variability compared to ECG-derived heart rate variability in resting subjects?
Observational (n=33)
Does pulse frequency demodulation of pulse wave signals accurately assess pulse rate variability compared to ECG-derived heart rate variability in resting subjects?
Effect estimate: ICC 0.997
Absolute Event Rate: 27.4% vs 27.6%
Pulse frequency demodulation of pulse wave signals provides a reliable assessment of pulse rate variability that closely agrees with ECG-derived heart rate variability during rest.
May enable ECG-free PRV assessment at rest; leaves open validation in ambulatory or clinical settings.
BACKGROUND: Due to its easy applicability, pulse wave has been proposed as a surrogate of electrocardiogram (ECG) for the analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). However, its smoother waveform precludes accurate measurement of pulse-to-pulse interval by fiducial-point algorithms. Here we report a pulse frequency demodulation (PFDM) technique as a method for extracting instantaneous pulse rate function directly from pulse wave signal and its usefulness for assessing pulse rate variability (PRV). METHODS: Simulated pulse wave signals with known pulse interval functions and actual pulse wave signals obtained from 30 subjects with a trans-dermal pulse wave device were analyzed by PFDM. The results were compared with heart rate and HRV assessed from simultaneously recorded ECG. RESULTS: Analysis of simulated data revealed that the PFDM faithfully demodulates source interval function with preserving the frequency characteristics of the function, even when the intervals fluctuate rapidly over a wide range and when the signals include fluctuations in pulse height and baseline. Analysis of actual data revealed that individual means of low and high frequency components of PRV showed good agreement with those of HRV (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.997 and 0.981, respectively). CONCLUSION: The PFDM of pulse wave signal provides a reliable assessment of PRV. Given the popularity of pulse wave equipments, PFDM may open new ways to the studies of long-term assessment of cardiovascular variability and dynamics.
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Hayano et al. (2005) conducted an observational in Healthy volunteers (n=33). Pulse frequency demodulation (PFDM) of pulse wave vs. Electrocardiogram (ECG) was evaluated on Mean low frequency (LF) amplitude agreement between PRV and HRV (ICC 0.997). Pulse frequency demodulation of pulse wave signals provided reliable assessment of pulse rate variability, demonstrating excellent agreement with ECG-derived low and high frequency components (ICC 0.997 and 0.981).
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