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This randomized clinical trial retrospectively examined the effect of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and contingency management (CM) on cocaine use in opioid and cocaine dependent individuals maintained on high or low-dose LAAM randomly assigned to CM or a yoked-control condition. Cocaine-positive urines decreased more rapidly over time in those without PTSD versus those with PTSD in the noncontingency condition. In participants with PTSD, CM resulted in fewer cocaine-positive urines compared to the noncontingent condition. This suggests that CM may help improve the potentially worse outcomes in opioid- and cocaine-dependent individuals with PTSD compared to those without PTSD. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-9).
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Mancino et al. (2010) studied this question.
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