The employment and social outlook differs considerably both across countries and within them. Over the past three years, the majority of emerging and developing economies have posted positive employment gains (Chapter 1). In addition, they have managed to reduce income inequalities somewhat -albeit from relatively high levels. Th e result is a growing middle-income group, with particularly encouraging progress in some Latin American and Caribbean countries, as well as in parts of Asia and some Sub-Saharan countries.
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Raymond Torres (2013) studied this question.
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