Key result
The Brief Anxiety and Depression Scale validly identified generalized anxiety (sensitivity 0.73, specificity 0.81) and major depressive episodes (sensitivity 0.76, specificity 0.73).
Why the study?
Is the Brief Anxiety and Depression Scale (BADS) a valid and reliable screening tool for major depressive episodes and generalized anxiety disorders in long-term care residents?
Cross-Sectional (n=224)
Is the Brief Anxiety and Depression Scale (BADS) a valid and reliable screening tool for major depressive episodes and generalized anxiety disorders in long-term care residents?
The BADS is a reliable and valid screening instrument for rapidly identifying probable major depressive episodes and generalized anxiety disorders in long-term care residents.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports BADS screening in long-term care; leaves open need for prospective validation and outcome trials.
BACKGROUND: Depression and anxiety are common among long-term care residents, yet both appear to be under-recognized and under-treated. In our survey of 164 geriatric health care professionals from 34 U.S. states, 96% of respondents reported that a new instrument that rapidly assesses both depression and anxiety is needed. The Brief Anxiety and Depression Scale (BADS) is a new screening tool that can identify possible major depressive episodes (MDE) and generalized anxiety disorders (GAD) in long-term care residents. METHODS: The psychometric properties of the BADS were investigated in a sample of 224 U.S. long-term care residents (aged 80.52 ± 9.07). Participants completed a battery of several individually administered mood and cognitive tests, including the BADS. MDE and GAD were diagnosed based on the DSM-IV-TR criteria. RESULTS: Adequate internal consistency and construct validity were found. A principle component analysis (PCA) revealed an Anxiety Factor and a Depression Factor, which explained 50.26% of the total variance. The Anxiety Factor had a sensitivity of 0.73 and specificity of 0.81 for identifying GAD (PPV = 0.69, NPV = 0.84). The Depression Factor had a sensitivity of 0.76 and a specificity of 0.73 for identifying MDE (PPV = 0.77, NPV = 0.72). CONCLUSIONS: The BADS appears to be a reliable and valid screening instrument for MDE and GAD in long-term residents. The BADS can be rapidly administered, is sensitive to mood diagnoses in both patients without dementia and with dementia, and produces separate depression and anxiety factor scores that can be used clinically to identify probable mood diagnoses.
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Mansbach et al. (2014) conducted a cross-sectional in Depression and anxiety (n=224). Brief Anxiety and Depression Scale (BADS) vs. DSM-IV-TR criteria was evaluated on Sensitivity and specificity for identifying GAD and MDE. The Brief Anxiety and Depression Scale validly identified generalized anxiety (sensitivity 0.73, specificity 0.81) and major depressive episodes (sensitivity 0.76, specificity 0.73).
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