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January 1, 2024Reviews in Medical VirologyOpen Access

Immunogenicity, clinical efficacy and safety of additional second COVID‐19 booster vaccines against Omicron and its subvariants: A systematic review

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Authors

SCSantenna ChenchulaAll India Institute of Medical Sciences RaipurMCMadhu Bhargavi ChandraWellStar Health SystemMAMadhu Babu AdusumilliOrlando Health

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Implication

Systematic review reveals that a fourth COVID-19 vaccine dose restores waning immunity and prevents severe Omicron illness in broad populations, highlighting the value of updated booster shots.

Key Points

  • To evaluate real-world immunogenicity, clinical efficacy, and safety of a second COVID-19 booster or fourth vaccine dose against the Omicron variant and its emerging subvariants.
  • Systematically searched Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, bioRxiv, and medRxiv for articles published between 2022 and May 30, 2023.
  • Identified and synthesized data from 40 clinical trials and observational studies encompassing 3,972,856 individuals receiving monovalent or bivalent mRNA and non-mRNA booster vaccines.
  • A second booster dose restored waning immunity by activating both humoral and cellular immune responses against Omicron and its sublineages.
  • Fourth doses conferred durable clinical protection against symptomatic disease and significantly prevented severe COVID-19 infection and mortality, with bivalent mRNA formulations exhibiting broader coverage against new subvariants.
  • Adverse event profiles were favorable across platforms, characterized primarily by mild and transient local or systemic reactions.

Cite This Study

Chenchula et al. (2024) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a173e4a581ef0f5e7bb94b8https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2515
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