A Survey of Consensus and Incentive Mechanism in Blockchain Derived from P2P

Blockchain is a new decentralized and distributed network applying technologies such as P2P network, cryptography and so on, in which P2P lays the foundation. Various consensus mechanisms, which correspond to trust models in P2P, solve the trust problems caused due to the anonymity of nodes. In addition, different incentive models are established in the P2P and blockchain network to encourage nodes to share resources subjectively, thereby improving the contribution of nodes to the system. Based on the analysis of trust and incentive models in P2P, this paper summarizes the consensus and incentive mechanisms of blockchain network. What's more, we indicate the future prospects in blockchain including the improvement of blockchain derived from P2P, the idea of a coin-free blockchain, the problems faced by blockchain, issues about blockchain storage and blockchain application scenarios, which will provide guidance for the future study of blockchain network.