Quantum-computer architecture using nonlocal interactions

Several authors have described the basic requirements essential to build a scalable quantum computer. Because many physical implementation schemes for quantum computing rely on nearest-neighbor interactions, there is a hidden quantum communication overhead to connect distant nodes of the computer. In this paper, we propose a physical solution to this problem, which, together with the key building blocks, provides a pathway to a scalable quantum architecture using nonlocal interactions. Our solution involves the concept of a quantum bus that acts as a refreshable entanglement resource to connect distant memory nodes, providing an architectural concept for quantum computers analogous to the von Neumann architecture for classical computers.