Despite a large body of research, the fi eld of bullying still needs standard, reliable, and independently validated measures for determining whether a student has been bullied (or has bullied others). This chapter reviews seven common problems with bullying surveys and makes recommendations for improved measurement and validation eff orts. A systematic program of research is needed to compare bullying surveys with independent criteria and to assess their sensitivity, specifi city, positive predictive power, and negative predictive power.
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Cornell et al. (2012) studied this question.