Key result
Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography improves the identification and characterization of infective endocarditis complications by enabling volumetric reconstruction and multiplanar views.
Why the study?
The role of three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography is increasing in infective endocarditis, motivating a review of its usefulness and added value in disease management.
What is the added value of three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography in the diagnosis and management of infective endocarditis?
What is the added value of three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography in the diagnosis and management of infective endocarditis?
This review highlights the growing role and added diagnostic value of 3D-TEE in managing infective endocarditis and detecting its local complications.
May support 3D-TEE integration for endocarditis complications; leaves open prospective outcome validation before practice change.
Infective endocarditis (IE) diagnosis is based on a clinical suspicion supported by consistent microbiological and instrumental data. Evidence of involvement of cardiac valves (native or prosthetic) or prosthetic intracardiac material is a major diagnostic criterion of IE. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the initial technique of choice for the diagnosis while transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is recommended in patients with an inconclusive or negative TTE, in patients with high suspicion of IE, as well as in patients with a positive TTE, in order to document local complications. Repeating TTE and/or TEE should be considered during follow-up of uncomplicated IE, in order to detect new silent complications and monitor vegetation size. In the setting of IE, the role of three-dimensional (3D) TEE is increasing; in fact, this technique has also been shown to be useful for the diagnosis of IE and its complications as it allows to obtain infinite planes and volumetric reconstructions. In this review, we will describe the usefulness of 3D-TEE and its added value in the management of IE.
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Sordelli et al. (2024) conducted a review in Infective endocarditis. Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE) vs. Two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (2D-TEE) was evaluated. Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography improves the identification and characterization of infective endocarditis complications by enabling volumetric reconstruction and multiplanar views.
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