A Survey on Mobility Management Techniques in VANETs

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) provide road safety, commercial, entertainment, and convenience services. Users have access to real time traffic updates, road hazard notifications, post crashed notification, remote vehicle diagnostics, audio and video streaming, and route suggestions to enhance the travel experience. However service delivery in VANETs suffers as nodes in VANETs move at high speed causing the network topology to change rapidly. A node becomes unreachable from its current point of attachment as it moves out of its range. Mobility management ensures that a mobile node can continuously access the services while it roams around by re-attaching itself via another point of attachment. Various solutions for mobility management have been proposed. Nonetheless handoff delay, packet loss and signaling overhead, and are still a concern in VANETs. Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has chartered a Distributed Mobility Management (DMM) group in year 2014. The purpose of DMM is to provide an alternate solution to the mobility management problem in wireless networks. In this research, the effectiveness of distributed mobility management schemes in VANETs is compared on the basis of different parameters.