Electoral markets and Russia's political smorgasboard 2. Party entrepreneurship in Russia's electoral market, 1989-2004 3. How much party is in the party system? 4. Electoral markets and party substitutes in Russia: origins and impact 5. Parties and party substitutes: determining the balance 6. Conclusion: the market model and theories of parties, national integration, and transitions from authoritarian rule.
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Legvold et al. (2006) studied this question.
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