Abstract This study aimed to conduct an integrated bibliometric and content analysis to understand how green technologies are reshaping the global food system's transition toward resilient and sustainable futures, thereby identifying a research and policy agenda. The methodology involved analysing 4512 Scopus documents (2016–2025) using VOSviewer and biblioshiny for co-authorship and keyword clustering. The results and discussion confirm accelerating academic interest in the field, yet highlight structural inequalities as research is dominated by China, the US, and European countries, with limited engagement from African nations. The thematic focus centres on digitalisation (precision agriculture), but shows fragmentation from core circular economy practices. Analysis of top-cited publications underscores this technological focus, detailing the benefits of Machine Learning (ML) in sustainable supply chains for enhanced efficiency, the greater efficacy and reduced toxicity of nano-enabled pesticides, the use of IoT-based smart irrigation for efficient water management, and the potential of agricultural waste adsorbents for wastewater treatment. Theoretically, this study reinforces a systems-thinking approach, positioning sustainability as a dynamic negotiation among ecological, economic, and social subsystems. Practical implications urge policymakers to adopt cross-sectoral, long-term frameworks that prioritise equity and institutional support to ensure just transitions. Limitations include reliance on the Scopus database and exclusion of non-English publications, which may limit the global representativeness of the findings.
Sahar et al. (Tue,) studied this question.