A self-powered spherical compound eye with 8 ns-motion response for source-constrained drones

Ultrafast dynamic vision remains a major challenge for autonomous systems like drones, particularly considering their strict power and computational constraints. Here, we present an artificial spherical compound eye (ASCE) that enables nanosecond-scale, event-driven motion detection across a panoramic field of view (294°). Each pixel is self-powered and responds exclusively to dynamic light changes, enabling real-time sensing with minimal processing. An 8 ns response time is achieved under femtosecond laser excitation, alongside exceptional stability exceeding 10⁸ switching cycles. In addition, the ASCE features a simple structure with in situ grown nanowires and dielectric layer. The one-step fabrication process allows for conformal pixel integration on spherical and other three-dimensional surfaces. We demonstrate its versatility across multi-scale applications, including drone-based laser alarming and real-time motion tracking. These results establish ASCE as a promising platform for energy-efficient, high-speed vision in autonomous robotics and intelligent surveillance. This work demonstrates a self-powered, event-nature artificial spherical compound eye that achieved ultrafast and panoramic motion sensing under 0 V, particularly suitable for resource-limited drones and robotics.