Key result
ACE gene D allele is linked to ~127% higher essential hypertension risk vs. the I allele.
Why the study?
The study was conducted to explore the relation between ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and the risk of essential hypertension.
Is the ACE gene D allele associated with increased susceptibility to essential hypertension compared to the I allele?
Meta-Analysis (n=32,862)
Is the ACE gene D allele associated with increased susceptibility to essential hypertension compared to the I allele?
Odds Ratio: 2.273 (95% CI 2.068–2.499)
The ACE gene D allele is significantly associated with an increased susceptibility to essential hypertension across multiple genetic models and populations.
BACKGROUND: The current meta-analytic study explored the relation between ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D), and the risk of EH by reviewing relevant trials so as to determine the association between Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism and essential hypertension (EH) susceptibility. METHODS: Relevant studies published before May 2019 were collected from the PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, CNKI, VANFUN, and VIP databases. RESULTS: Fifty-seven studies involving a total of 32,862 patients were included. These studies found that ACE gene D allele was associated with higher EH susceptibility in allelic model, homozygote model, dominant model, and regressive model, and that Asian population with ACE gene D allele showed a higher EH susceptibility in all these models. Moreover, ACE gene D allele was found closely related to a higher EH susceptibility in the subgroups of HWE, NO HWE, Caucasian population, and Mixed population, with the majority being males in allelic model, homozygote model, and regressive model and the majority being females in allelic model. CONCLUSION: ACE gene D allele is associated with an overall higher EH susceptibility, which is confirmed in the subgroup analysis of Asian population, HWE, NO HWE, Caucasian population, and Mixed population.
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Liu et al. (2021) conducted a meta-analysis in Essential hypertension (n=32,862). ACE gene D allele vs. ACE gene I allele was evaluated on Essential hypertension susceptibility (allelic model D vs I) (OR 2.273, 95% CI 2.068-2.499). The ACE gene D allele was associated with a significantly higher susceptibility to essential hypertension compared to the I allele (OR 2.273).
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