A multimodal interaction concept for cooperative driving

This article proposes a theory-driven interaction and user interface concept for a cooperative lane-change scenario in a highly automated driving environment. First, cooperative systems are defined and a taxonomy of five levels of cooperation (driver and system intention, mode of cooperation, allocation, interface, and contact) is elaborated. Second, the scenario is introduced and analyzed for each of the levels of cooperation, with a focus on the support of mode awareness, concluded by a detailed analysis based on an interaction diagram. Third, based on this cooperative interaction sequence, a prototypical user interface design is presented, heavily using a scene-linked augmented information display with multimodal amendments.