Key result
Normalizing flow-mediated dilation for base-scaled shear rate (FMD/BSSR) achieved 100% sensitivity and specificity for predicting stable CAD, compared to 83.3% and 84.6% with standard FMD/SR.
Why the study?
The study evaluated whether a new flow-mediated dilation normalization incorporating base-scaled shear rate improves coronary artery disease diagnostics.
Does FMD normalization using base-scaled shear rate improve diagnostic accuracy for stable coronary artery disease compared to standard normalization?
Observational (n=28)
Does FMD normalization using base-scaled shear rate improve diagnostic accuracy for stable coronary artery disease compared to standard normalization?
Normalizing flow-mediated dilation by base-scaled shear rate significantly improves the diagnostic accuracy for detecting stable coronary artery disease.
The article presents a new normalization of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in the radial artery, taking into account the parameter BSSR being equal to the ratio of the basal shear rate (BS) measured before the cuff inflation and post occlusive shear rate (SR). The in vivo usefulness of the new normalization algorithm was evaluated in two groups of patients. In group I, comprising 15 healthy volunteers, the normalized FMD/SR was (3.19 ± 1.4)•10–4, while in group II, comprising 13 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD), it was (1.02 ± 0.76)•10–4. We calculated almost 50% larger difference between the average values after normalizing FMD/BSSR. Specifically, the FMD/BSSR was equal to 28 ± 9.40 in group I and 6.01 ± 3.74 in group II. The prediction of CAD patients based on FMD/SR values had a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 84.6%, whereas the prediction of CAD patients based on the FMD/BSSR values revealed 100% sensitivity and specificity. These results confirm the usefulness of the novel normalization algorithm of the FMD in differentiation of normal patients from those with stable CAD. The article presents a new normalization of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in the radial artery, taking into account the parameter BSSR being equal to the ratio of the basal shear rate (BS) measured before the cuff inflation and post occlusive shear rate (SR). The in vivo usefulness of the new normalization algorithm was evaluated in two groups of patients. In group I, comprising 15 healthy volunteers, the normalized FMD/SR was (3.19 ± 1.4)•10–4, while in group II, comprising 13 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD), it was (1.02 ± 0.76)•10–4. We calculated almost 50% larger difference between the average values after normalizing FMD/BSSR. Specifically, the FMD/BSSR was equal to 28 ± 9.40 in group I and 6.01 ± 3.74 in group II. The prediction of CAD patients based on FMD/SR values had a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 84.6%, whereas the prediction of CAD patients based on the FMD/BSSR values revealed 100% sensitivity and specificity. These results confirm the usefulness of the novel normalization algorithm of the FMD in differentiation of normal patients from those with stable CAD.
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Nowicki et al. (2020) conducted an observational in Coronary artery disease (n=28). Flow-mediated dilation normalized for base-scaled shear rate (FMD/BSSR) vs. FMD normalized for post occlusive shear rate (FMD/SR) was evaluated on Prediction of CAD patients (sensitivity). Normalizing flow-mediated dilation for base-scaled shear rate (FMD/BSSR) achieved 100% sensitivity and specificity for predicting stable CAD, compared to 83.3% and 84.6% with standard FMD/SR.
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