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• Some soil types dominate in historically investigated battlefields. • Cambisols and Luvisols prevail for favorable properties (movement and agriculture) • Soil physicochemical features influenced the outcomes of many historical battles. • Soil can be a direct or indirect decisive factor in warfare outcomes. • Aridic soils have become more prominent due to a shift in resource competition.
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Capra et al. (2026) studied this question.
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