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This study evaluates the usefulness and overall efficacy of various non-standard forms of English language learning, in terms of what alternative ESL study forms could lead to producing effective results, with a specific focus on the use of mobile applications, ad-hoc language exchanges, and Abstract: This study evaluates student experiences with three alternative forms of English language learning. Firstly, exchanging in ad-hoc language exchanges involving individuals essentially swapping their respective expertise in different languages with each other in a context without an underlying cost element. Secondly, the use of mobile applications as part of the means through which a person could use a self-study tool. An underlying problem area in this approach is the potentially negative effects of gamification. Thirdly, using contemporary technological advances for increasingly efficient distance learning. Measuring the extent to which students could be satisfied with their learning experiences with each or any of these three alternative English education approaches was based on examining a hundred completed random online surveys. The results indicated notably high levels of satisfaction with experience in participating in ad-hoc language exchanges, in contrast to quite low levels of satisfaction with distance learning in general. Reaction emanating from using mobile apps mainly appear to have been ambivalent overall, which may indicate that these platforms will not compose a primary future language learning tool, as could have been hitherto envisaged.
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Yakun et al. (2023) studied this question.
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