What question did this study set out to answer?

To determine whether human Toll-like receptors mediate host cellular activation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and to identify the responsible bacterial ligands.

October 1, 1999The Journal of ImmunologyOpen Access

Human Toll-Like Receptors Mediate Cellular Activation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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To determine whether human Toll-like receptors mediate host cellular activation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and to identify the responsible bacterial ligands.
Exposed Chinese hamster ovary cells and murine macrophages overexpressing TLR2 or TLR4 to viable virulent and attenuated strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Gram-positive bacteria, and Mycobacterium avium.
Tested activation requirements for membrane-bound and soluble CD14, purified lipoarabinomannan (LAM) from various mycobacterial species, and soluble versus cell-associated bacterial fractions.
Viable M. tuberculosis bacilli activated both TLR2- and TLR4-overexpressing cells independently of membrane-bound or soluble CD14, whereas Gram-positive bacteria and M. avium stimulated cells exclusively through TLR2.
Purified LAM from M. tuberculosis or BCG failed to induce TLR-dependent activation, while LAM from rapidly growing mycobacteria activated cells solely via TLR2.
TLR2-dependent activation was driven by a soluble, heat-stable, and protease-resistant mycobacterial factor, whereas TLR4-dependent activation was mediated by a distinct heat-sensitive, cell-associated factor.

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Implication

In vitro study demonstrates that Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 mediate immune cell activation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis independently of CD14, highlighting distinct mycobacterial ligand pathways.

Cite This Study

Means et al. (1999) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a18765825af1eb19ec9ae3e https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.163.7.3920

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Implication

In vitro study demonstrates that Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 mediate immune cell activation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis independently of CD14, highlighting distinct mycobacterial ligand pathways.

Human Toll-Like Receptors Mediate Cellular Activation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

Human Toll-Like Receptors Mediate Cellular Activation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

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