Governing Networks in the Hollow State: Contracting out, process management or a combination of the two?

__Abstract__ hollow state is characterised by governing through networks. In this article, we explore the of the hollow state and trace and illustrate three basic uncertainties in the decision making which create complexity: knowledge uncertainty, institutional uncertainty and strategic . Next, we elaborate the main characteristics of contracting out and address the issue whether these fit the nature of the hollow state. Finally, we ask if the role of politicians should given the characteristics of the hollow state. We conclude with some thoughts on management in the hollow state and the role of process management and contracting .