Governments and private sector organizations have launched a number of smart city programs in response to the tremendous need for effective urban management. These efforts aim to identify sustainable solutions to opportunities and issues (such as trash management, traffic Management, water management etc.) by investing in information and communication technology. Before identifying the potential and challenges involved in developing them, researchers have tried to describe and define the characteristics of smart cities. This brief essay also discusses the ongoing evolution of the IoT and how automated city relate to it.
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Sajwan et al. (2023) studied this question.