Cross-Polarization Suppression in Phased-Array Radars for Weather Sensing

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

Phased-array weather radars have become an essential tool for high-resolution meteorological observations, offering fast electronic beam steering and improved atmospheric monitoring. A critical challenge in their design is minimizing cross-polarization, which degrades measurement accuracy and affects polarization diversity. This paper presents two techniques to enhance polarization purity in phased-array antennas. The first method utilizes sequential rotation of antenna elements to achieve destructive interference of cross-polarized signals while preserving co-polarized signals. The second method employs differential element-level feeding through two rat-race couplers to precisely control port excitation and polarization characteristics. Both techniques are analyzed in terms of their impact on cross-polarization suppression, demonstrating their effectiveness in improving phased-array performance for weather radar applications with enhanced precipitation classification.