Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
(1997). Tool or Science?GIS, Technoscience, and the Theoretical Turn. Annals of the Association of American Geographers: Vol. 87, No. 2, pp. 363-372.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
John Pickles (1997) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: