Key result
Swiss yearly AF costs average ~5,679 CHF per patient and remain stable over time.
Why the study?
Evidence on the long-term costs of atrial fibrillation and associated factors was scarce.
Cohort (n=2,415)
Yes
Data-driven clustering of AF patients identifies three distinct phenotypes (CV-dominated, HF-dominated, and isolated symptomatic) with stable but significantly different long-term healthcare cost trajectories.
Supports AF phenotype clustering for cost stratification; leaves open whether it guides targeted interventions.
Aims Evidence on long-term costs of atrial fibrillation (AF) and associated factors is scarce. As part of the Swiss-AF prospective cohort study we aimed to characterise AF costs and their development over time, and to assess specific patient clusters and their cost trajectories. Methods Swiss-AF enrolled 2,415 patients with variable duration of AF between 2014 and 2017. Patient clusters were identified using hierarchical cluster analysis of baseline characteristics. Ongoing yearly follow-ups include health insurance clinical and claims data. An algorithm was developed to adjudicate costs to AF and related complications. Results Hierarchical analysis identified three patient clusters. “Cardiovascular-dominated” (CV-dominated) patients had the highest proportions of prior myocardial infarction and presence of diabetes. “Heart failure-dominated” (HF-dominated) patients had the highest occurrence of heart failure and permanent AF. “Isolated symptomatic” (IS) patients were younger and had the highest occurrence of paroxysmal AF. A subpopulation of 1,024 Swiss-AF patients with available claims data was followed up for a median [interquartile range] of 3.24 [1.09] years. Average yearly AF-adjudicated costs amounted to CHF 5,679, remaining stable across the observation period. CV-dominated (N = 253 with claims data) and HF-dominated patients (N = 185) depicted similarly high costs across all cost outcomes, the IS (N = 586) patients accrued the lowest costs. Conclusion Our results highlight three well-differentiated patient clusters with specific costs that could be used for stratification in both clinical and economic studies. Patient characteristics associated with adjudicated costs as well as cost trajectories may enable an early understanding of the magnitude of upcoming AF-related healthcare costs. What is already known on this topic Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a complex disease and constitutes a major economic and societal challenge due to its high prevalence worldwide. What this study adds This study, based on a large prospective cohort study, provides evidence on real-world AF costs and their development over time. Data-derived patient clusters are linked to costs and their respective cost trajectories are assessed. How this study might affect research, practice or policy The identified patient clusters and their characteristics may help clinicians and payers to gain an early insight and understanding of the magnitude of the expected AF-related healthcare costs.
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Aebersold et al. (2022) conducted a cohort in Atrial Fibrillation (n=2,415). Patient clusters (CV-dominated, HF-dominated, Isolated symptomatic) was evaluated on Total AF-adjudicated costs from the Swiss statutory health insurance perspective. In a Swiss cohort of atrial fibrillation patients, average yearly AF-adjudicated costs amounted to CHF 5,679 and remained stable over time, with distinct cost trajectories across three patient clusters.
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