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Prospective paired study shows fluid overload affects airway function in hemodialysis patients, suggesting monitoring is needed.
• Fluid overload drives small airway function impairment in dialysis patients. • IOS, not spirometry, detects post-dialysis improvement linked to extracellular water. • IOS may help monitor and guide fluid optimization in hemodialysis.
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Sun et al. (2026) studied this question.
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