Case report highlights treatment-unresponsive schistosomiasis and bladder tuberculosis in a Chinese male with sub-Saharan exposure, suggesting need for molecular diagnostics.
Schistosoma haematobium , endemic to sub-Saharan Africa, causes urogenital disease, differing from Schistosoma japonicum , which affects the hepatointestinal system and is the only endemic schistosome in China. A Chinese male with persistent hematuria after prolonged occupational exposure in Angola was initially attributed to S. japonicum . Following failed treatment, metagenomic sequencing confirmed S. haematobium infection, and subsequent urethral resection detected Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA, establishing concurrent bladder tuberculosis. This case highlights the need for molecular diagnostics in patients with hematuria after sub-Saharan exposure and the immunomodulatory risks posed by helminth infections.
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Wang et al. (2026) studied this question.
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