A Comparative Analysis of the Dengue Situation in Bangladesh: 2023–2024

Aim and background: In 2023, Bangladesh experienced its highest-ever recorded dengue outbreak, driven by monsoon-related breeding conditions and limited vector control.In 2024, early-year case elevation and rural transmission signaled a shift in the epidemiological pattern, although total case numbers declined.Using data from the District Health Information Software 2 (DHIS2), the analysis examines hospitalreported cases, trends across administrative divisions, and vulnerabilities shaped by age, gender, and locality. Materials and methods:This study is a comparative epidemiological assessment of dengue fever in Bangladesh for the period 2023-2024, focusing on seasonal variation, geographic spread, demographic patterns, and mortality.Descriptive statistics were employed for data analysis, and the results were presented using figures, tables, pie charts, and bar charts.Results: Males accounted for 63% of cases, with the highest incidence in the 16-30 age-group, and the demographic groups were most exposed to daytime vector activity.Mortality disproportionately affected the elderly, particularly males over 50, underscoring the role of comorbidities and healthcare delays.Spatial analysis identified Dhaka as the consistent epicentre, with high case density highlighting gaps in healthcare access.The near-equal gender distribution in some sub-regions challenges prevailing assumptions about male-biased exposure.The results indicate that while vector control and surveillance systems have expanded, they remain insufficiently integrated and context-sensitive.Conclusions: This study endorses a multifaceted strategy for age-and gender-specific interventions, decentralised care access, real-time data analytics, and climate-responsive early warning systems.It also contributes to strengthening dengue control frameworks and informs future public health policies addressing climate-sensitive vector-borne diseases in South Asia.