The location based services (LBS) are become increasingly important on telecommunication applications. Many LBS methods have been developed. Mobile station location technologies, including cell-identification (CI), enhanced observed time difference (E-OTD), observed timed difference of arrival (OTDOA), and other third Generation (3G) location technologies, are evaluated in the paper. Above of all, the assisted GNSS (A-GNSS) is analyzed to settle for emergency LBS. The technical advantages to widen AGPS to A-GNSS is developed to focus on the availability and accuracy of LBS. The architecture of software receiver for an integrated GNSS/UMTS is presented to meet the important requirements of seamless indoor/outdoor navigation and communication capability for emergency LBS. The principle platform of an integrated GNSS/GSM/CDMA based on the structure of" Single RF+PC" is implemented. By collecting and processing actual GPS data, the receiver is able to perform PVT calculations with high accuracy and rapid positioning.
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Deng et al. (2009) studied this question.