Effect of cigarette smoke extract and nicotine on the expression of thrombomodulin and endothelial protein C receptor in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells

Figures

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  Figure 1.. Effects of CSE on TM mRNA expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. TM mRNA expression levels were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (A) following various doses of CSE and (B) across various time points. β-actin served as an internal control. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. *P<0.01 and #P<0.001 vs. control group. CSE, cigarette smoke extract; TM, thrombomodulin; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α (positive control).

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  Figure 2.. Effects of nicotine on TM mRNA expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. TM mRNA expression levels were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (A) following various doses of nicotine and (B) across various time points. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. *P<0.01 vs. control group. Nico, nicotine; TM, thrombomodulin; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α (positive control).

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  Figure 3.. Effects of CSE on TM protein expression in HUVECs. TM protein expression levels in HUVECs were measured by flow cytometry (A) following various doses of CSE and (B) across various time points. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. *P<0.05 and #P<0.01 vs. control group. TM, thrombomodulin; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α (positive control); HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells; CSE, cigarette smoke extract.

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  Figure 4.. Effects of nicotine on TM protein expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. TM protein expression levels were assessed by flow cytometry (A) following various doses of nicotine and (B) across various time points. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. *P<0.01 vs. control group. Nico, nicotine; TM, thrombomodulin; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α (positive control).

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  Figure 5.. Effects of CSE on TM mRNA expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. TM mRNA expression levels were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (A) following various doses of CSE and (B) across various time points. β-actin served as an internal control. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. CSE, cigarette smoke extract; TM, thrombomodulin; EPCR, endothelial protein C receptor.

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  Figure 6.. Effects of CSE on TM protein expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. TM protein expression levels were assessed by flow cytometry (A) following various doses of CSE and (B) across various time points. β-actin served as an internal control. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. CSE, cigarette smoke extract; TM, thrombomodulin; EPCR, endothelial protein C receptor.