Endoscopic sphincterotomy with extraction of the stones is often the only treatment for stones in the bile duct in patients considered unfit for surgery. Most of these patients fare well even when they have stones in the gall bladder; cholecystectomy for biliary colic, acute cholecystitis, or jaundice was necessary in less than 15% followed up for up to seven years. 2 After the procedure patients retain their gall bladder and have an incompetent lower bile duct sphincter; little is known
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Desa et al. (1990) studied this question.
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