Rancor and resilience in the Atlantic Political Order: the Obama years

Transatlantic relations reached a low point during the first Bush Administration, as U.S. and European partners fell out over the invasion of Iraq. Using a framework developed by G. John Ikenberry, this article examines this difficult period in transatlantic relations as a baseline for assessing the eight years of the Obama Administration. Although the transatlantic relationship moved in and out of crisis during this period, it emerged at the end of the second Obama term recovered. The Trump Administration has put this newfound resilience to the test.