Secondary Plasma Cell Leukemia

Secondary plasma cell leukemia is a rare, aggressive plasma cell disorder with a poor prognosis. Early detection and prompt treatment can increase overall survival. In the current case series, we are reviewing the literature and retrospectively reporting the data of patients who presented to our center over a 3-year period with this rare condition. All of our patients were kept on induction chemotherapy following their initial diagnosis utilizing drug combinations that included cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (VTD chemotherapy). Further chemotherapy regimens were added during the later phases, including carfilzomib, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone as well as bortezomib, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone based on the outcome of the patient's response. This case study series emphasizes the significance of early disease detection and prompt supportive and targeted therapy.