Quantifying distortions in soft lithography

This article describes a moiré technique for determining distortions in soft lithography. We use the technique to investigate distortions when soft lithography is performed in a variety of configurations; a method is identified for limiting maximum distortions to less than 1 μm over areas ∼1 cm2. We also suggest an approach for actively controlling these distortions, and we demonstrate in a simple way its feasibility.