Axial-flux (AF) permanent-magnet (PM) (AFPM) machine is a competent candidate for electric propulsion applications owing to its high power density, high efficiency and effective volume utilization. This paper reviews the progress of AFPM technology that has been made in recent years, especially for electric vehicle (EV) propulsions, with respect to the potential AFPM topologies, design methodologies and modeling, design considerations, thermal and mechanical analysis, as well as advanced material and construction aspects. The most promising AFPM motor structures and winding configurations, key design parameters, important design considerations and improvement methods, as well as construction techniques specified for EV motors are presented.
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Shao et al. (2021) studied this question.
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