Hyphenated chromatographic methods for biomaterials

The improvement in hyphenated analytical techniques has significantly widened their applications to the analysis of biomaterials. In this article, we discuss recent advances in applications of hyphenated chromatographic techniques including capillary electrophoresis to the analyses of biological samples. As tools of separation, gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis are considered with special emphasis on applications utilizing the hyphenation of these methods to mass spectrometry. Moreover, applications using other detection methods such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy hyphenated to gas chromatography and photodiode array detector combined with high-performance liquid chromatography or capillary electrophoresis are also discussed. Owing to their high sensitivity, luminescence-based detection systems such as laser-induced fluorescence and chemiluminescence are also included in this review. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Abbreviations used: 4-ABP 4-aminobiphenyl APCI atmospheric pressure CI API atmospheric pressure ionization BPDEI (+)-anti-benzo[a]pyrene-diol-epoxide CE capillary electrophoresis CI chemical ionization DAD photodiode array detector EI electron impact FTIR Fourier transform infrared HDA 1,6-hexamethylene diamine ICP-MS inductively coupled plasma-MS LIF laser-induced fluorescence LOD limit of detection MP methamphetamine MRM multiple reaction monitoring 4-NPs 4-nonylphenols PCBs polychlorinated biphenyls SIM single ion monitoring TSP thermospray.