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Review outlines progress in antiviral drug development and challenges in improving efficacy and safety.
Viral infections continue to pose serious threats to global health, agriculture, and ecosystems. The rise of drug-resistant strains highlights the pressing demand for innovative antiviral approaches. This review outlines major advances from the past five years in antiviral drug development, focusing on direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), host-targeting antivirals (HTAs), and natural product-based compounds. Their mechanisms of action, efficacy, safety, and potential in combination therapies are examined. Translational challenges are also discussed, along with interdisciplinary strategies to accelerate the design of next-generation broad-spectrum antivirals. Moving forward, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration, strengthening resistance surveillance, and improving translational models will be essential for proactive preparedness against emerging viral threats.
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Liu et al. (2026) studied this question.
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