The Influence of Course Type on Motivation in a Japanese University Context

In this research article, the author investigates the influence of course type-elective versus mandatory-on motivation, from both the learner and teacher perspectives in a Japanese University educational setting.The author utilizes a mixed methods study to draw on recent qualitative interview data from teachers, and both qualitative and quantitative data from student reflections.Survey data were collected from 279 students, and four adjunct lecturers were interviewed.The analysis explores how motivation fluctuates depending on the nature of the course.Referring to motivation theories such as self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985), content-based instruction (Brinton et al., 1989) and Vygotsky's zone of proximal development (1978) the paper aims to illuminate how different course types contribute to or detract from intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, from the perspectives of both students and teachers.The basic findings were that teaching elective classes did have a motivating effect on them, however maintaining a sustainable balance in teacher workload is crucial to upholding motivation.