A low-cost and stable Fe2O3/C-TiO2 system design for highly efficient photocatalytic H2 production from seawater

Photocatalytic seawater splitting for H2 production is extremely attractive in solar-to-fuel conversion areas toward achieving clean and renewable energy. In this study, we design a low-cost and robust Fe2O3/C-TiO2 Z-scheme system by applying Fe2O3 nanosheets as electron donor and C-doped TiO2 nanosheets as H2 generation photocatalysts, achieving highly efficient seawater splitting for H2 evolution without any sacrificial reagents. The Fe2O3/C-TiO2 Z-scheme system shows remarkable catalytic performance and high stability for H2 evolution in seawater. Under visible light illumination, the H2 generation rate reach 170.8 μmol g−1 h1 and remain unchanged in a 24 h cyclic test. This study may open avenues to designing low-price and stable photocatalysts for H2 extraction from seawater in future.