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As vehicular traffic increases, the lack of smart parking zones further causes problems like fuel wastage and traffic congestion. The Internet of Things has already been used to provide Smart car parking solutions. However, these solutions have the drawback of not being scalable or accessible at all times. Also, the reservation models that have also been suggested are not always practically implementable. This paper proposes a solution which is cost effective, scalable and robust to indicate the number of free parking slots in a given parking area. This is implemented using infrared sensors in every bay which are then connected to a Raspberry Pi. The raspberry Pi transfers all the data to a cloud server, which is accessible to users using a mobile application.
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Ravishankar et al. (2017) studied this question.